Chronic Risk and Disease Management Model Using Structured Query Language and Predictive Analysis

Individuals with chronic conditions are the ones who use health care most frequently and more than 50% of top ten causes of death are chronic diseases in United States and these members always have health high risk scores. In the field of population health management, identifying high risk members is very important in terms of patient health care, disease management and cost management. Disease management program is very effective way of monitoring and preventing chronic disease and health related complications and risk management allows physicians and healthcare companies to reduce patient’s health risk, help identifying members for care/disease management along with help in managing financial risk. The main objective of this research is to introduce efficient and accurate risk assessment model maintaining the accuracy of risk scores compared to existing model and based on calculated risk scores identify the members for disease management programs using structured query language. For the experimental purpose we have used data and information from different sources like CMS, NCQA, existing models and Healthcare Insurance Industry. In this approach, base principle is used from chronic and disability payment system (CDPS), based on this model weight of chronic disease is defined to calculate risk of each patient. Also to be more focused, three chronic diseases have been selected as a part of analysis. They are breast cancer, diabetes and congestive heart failure. Different sets of diagnosis, electronic medical records, and member pharmacy information are key source. Industry standard database system have been in taken in consideration while implementing the logic, which makes implementation of model more efficient since data is warehoused where model is built. We obtained experimental result from total 4761 relevant medical records taken from Molina Healthcare’s data warehouse. We tested proposed model using risk score data from State of Illinois using multiple linear regression method and implemented proposed logic in health plan data, based on which we calculated p-value and confidence level of our variables and also as second validation process we ran same data source through original risk model. In next step we showed that risk scores of members are highly contributing in member selection process for disease management program. To validate member selection criteria we used fast and frugal decision tree algorithm and confusion matrix result is used to measure the performance of member selection process for disease management program. The results show that the proposed model achieved overall risk assessment confidence level of 99%, with R-squared value of 98% and on disease management member identification we achieved 99% of sensitivity, 89% of accuracy and 74% of specificity. The experimental result from proposed model shows that if risk assessment model is taken one step further not only risk of member can be determined but it can help in disease management approach by identifying and prioritizing members for disease management. The resulting chronic risk and disease management method is very promising method for any patient, insurance companies, provider groups, claims processing organizations and physician groups to more accurately and effectively manage their members in terms of member health risk and enrolling them under required care management programs. Methods and design used in this research contributes to business analytics approach, overall member risk and disease management approach using predictive analytics based on member’s medical diagnosis, pharmacy utilization and member demographics

Visible light-mediated photocatalytic oxidative cleavage of activated alkynes via hydroamination: a direct approach to oxamates

The direct oxidative cleavage of activated alkynes via hydroamination has been described using organic photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation at room temperature. In this reaction, the single electron oxidation of an in situ formed enamine followed by radical coupling with an oxidant finally delivers the oxamate. The key features of this photocatalytic reaction are the mild reaction conditions, metal-free organic dye as a photocatalyst, and TBHP playing a dual role as "O" source and for the regeneration of the photocatalyst. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry

Visible-Light-Induced Oxidative Cleavage of C-C Triple Bond via Hydroamination: Direct Synthesis of Oxamates from Amines and Activated Alkynes

The direct oxidative cleavage of activated alkynes via hydroamination has been described using organic photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation at room temperature. In this reaction, the single electron oxidation of an insitu formed enamines undergo radical coupling with oxidant which finally delivers the oxamates. The key features of this photocatalytic reaction are the mild reaction conditions, metal-free organic dye as photocatalyst, TBHP plays dual role as “O” source and for the regeneration of photocatalyst. </p

Visible-Light-Induced Oxidative Cleavage of C-C Triple Bond via Hydroamination: Direct Synthesis of Oxamates from Amines and Activated Alkynes

The Direct oxidative cleavage of activated alkynes via hydroamination has been described using organic photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation at room temperature. In this reaction, the single electron oxidation of an insitu formed enamines undergo radical coupling with oxidant which finally delivers the oxamates. The key features of this photocatalytic reaction are the mild reaction conditions, metal-free organic dye as photocatalyst, TBHP plays dual role as “O” source and for the regeneration of photocatalyst

Drug Act 1978 of Nepal: A Critical Analysis

Background: With the enactment of the Drug Act in 1978, through the establishment of different bodies under the act, drug-related activities have been regulated and controlled in Nepal so as to provide safe and efficacious drugs of standard quality to the general public.  However, with the overgrowing use of drugs, cosmetics, biotechnological products, nutraceuticals, and veterinary products in the present market and the present act failing to include these aspects, this paper tries to critically analyze the Drug Act 1978 of Nepal which will comprise strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced in current scenario regarding the act. The regulation of drugs in Nepal was started with the enactment of the Drugs Act in 1978 AD, which is being carried out by the Department of Drug Administration as provisioned in the section 5 of the act. To facilitate the proper implementation of the act, various rules, regulations and guidelines are framed. The objective of this study was to explore the areas to improve in the Drugs Act and help foster the use of safe, efficacious and quality drugs. Method: The Drugs Act 1978 was critically analyzed focusing on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the act as of current scenario. Result: After critically analyzing the drugs act 1978 we found out that there is lack in regulations of use of cosmetics, newer biotechnology products, nutraceuticals, veterinary product, innovative pharmaceutical products as well as the online pharmacy services. Conclusion: A major amendment and periodic revision is required with the consequence of meeting timely needs and promoting the idea of safety and efficacy in drug related activities